4 Satria 1

Analysing Momentum.

What is Momentum?

1. It is more difficult for a large ship filled with cargo to dock in a harbour than a small ship.
2. It is easier for a person to stop while he is walking than while he is running.
3. the resistance to a change the state of motion of an object depends on two factors-the mass and velocity of the object.

Linear Momentum

1. It is always harder to stop a massive object moving at high velocity.
2. The above activity serves to explain a concept in physics called momentum.
3. The linear momentum,p, of an object of mass,m, moving with a velocity,v, is defined as the product of its mass and velocity.

            MOMENTUM= MASS x VELOCITY
                                  p= mv

Conservation of Momentum

1. Like energy, momentum is also a conserved quantity.
2. The term conservation is used if the same amount of matter remains the same after an event occurs.
3. The Principle of conservation of momentum states that:

The total momentum of a system is constant, if no external force acts on the system.

1. An example of an external force is friction.
2. To be precise, the Principle of conservation of momentum is true for an isolated system. An isolated system is one where the sum of external forces acting on the system is zero.
3. An example of an external force is friction.
4. To be precise, the Principle of conservation of momentum is true for an isolated system. An isolated system is one where the sum of external forces acting on the system is zero.
5. The Principle shall be discussed in two situation.

The principle of conservation of linear momentum states that the total linear momentum of a closed system is constant or the linear momentum of a system before and after a collision is conserved if there is no external force acting on it.

Elastic collision.

• Linear momentum, kinetic energy and total energy are conserved.
• Objects do not stick together after collision.

    m1u1+m1v1=m2u2+m2v2.
Inelastic collision.

• Only linear momentum and total energy are conserved and there is a loss in kinetic energy.
• Objects are stuck together after collision.

   m1u1+m2v2=(m1+m2)v.
Explosion
- In an explosion where two objects move in opposite directions, the total linear momentum before and the explosion is conserved at zero.